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The psychoanalytic answer is: jouissance (Lacan's term designating excessive pleasure coinciding with pain).

the Ernesto Laclau solution: that there is no 'natural' link between a given socio-economic position and the ideology attached to it--and therefore that it is meaningless to speak of 'deception' and 'false consciousness' as if there is somehow a standard of 'appropriate' ideological awareness inscribed into the very 'objective' socio-economic situation.

The result of such 'structural adjustments' was the integration of local agriculture into the global economy: while crops were exported, farmers thrown off their land were pushed into slums, available as a workforce for outsourced sweatshops.

What needs to be resisted when faced with the shocking reports and images of the burning Paris suburbs is what I call the hermeneutic temptation: the search for some deeper meaning or message hidden in these outbursts.

we need to talk about hegemony, an idea that was developed most famously by the Italian Marxist Antonio Gramsci. Hegemony is a system of power within complex societies