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Different countries have different “Trajectories of Neoliberal Transformation.” Liberalization takes place as institutional deregulation, institutional derogation, and institutional conversion, and in each country, we find a different mix of these mechanisms. Yet in all countries, liberalization in…

By contrast, VoC’s overarching message is institutional diversity and resilience. Rather than accepting the Thatcherite teleology, Hall and Soskice suggested that contemporary capitalism had stabilized around distinct institutional models — Liberal Market Economies (LMES) such as the United States …

[...] precarity gives German companies a means with which to reconfigure their cost structure. Many now operate a dualized employment structure consisting of a core of permanent employees reinforced by a periphery of precarious workers. This structure gives companies two significant advantages.19 F…

The institutionalized class struggle eroded particularly in the sphere of collective bargaining, as many companies left the employers’ associations and generally became more aggressive in negotiations and labor disputes. Trade unions for their part refrained from forcing employers back into collect…

Germany’s protracted crisis may manifest largely at the level of parliamentary politics, but the deeper context for these political ruptures is the transformation of the country’s economy beginning with reunification in the 1990s and accelerating in the mid-2000s with the creation of the eurozone a…