In the early 1930s, party members formed “fractions” within union locals, which typically met before union meetings and formulated a position that CP members were to follow when the meeting started. However, as Dorothy Ray Healey later recalled, “Some of our closest allies were unhappy about it,” and as CP members became more integrated into unions as members and leaders, the party abandoned its fraction meetings. Jack Olsen recalled, of the mid- and late 1930s, “The CP set up Party clubs on an industry-by-industry basis. There were warehousemen’s, seamen’s, and longshoremen’s clubs. Each club had its own officer and its own delegates to the CP county committee, a literature agent, and an education director. . . . We used to meet and first take up political issues like the anti-fascist cause in the Spanish Civil War, the current election campaign, or an ongoing legal defense case.”