Meanwhile, the amount of other, very real but unpaid work is extensive and rising. In the UK--and it is similar in other countries--the unrenumerated economy (caring for the children and the elderly, housework, voluntary work in the community and so on) is estimated to be worth well over half the size of the money economy.

Even these estimates do not count the 'work' we all do in our dealings with government (filing tax returns scarcely counts as 'leisure'), as consumers (self-service checkouts) and in what I have called 'work-for-labour', unpaid work around jobs or job seeking, which has expanded with 'always on' connectivity. The precariat in particular must do a lot of work (in their eyes) that is not counted or renumerated--hunting for jobs, enduring complex time-consuming recruitment processes, waiting for on-call labour, queueing and form-filling for meagre benefits of some kind.