Up to this point the theory of utility was able to base itself on definite social facts; its further account of the manner of exploitation amounts to a mere recital of catechism phrases.

The measure consists of a unity, whose aliquot parts express a certain quantity.

the American war of independence sounded the tocsin for the European middle class

Trading nations, properly so called, exist in the ancient world only in its interstices

The use-value which the former gets in exchange manifests itself only in the actual usufruct, in the consumption of the labour power.

While productive labour is changing the means of production into constituent elements of a new product, their value undergoes a metempsychosis.