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The question of who is a Marxist today is highly complex. It always has been, because this current has always been plural. [...] Moreover, all contemporary critical theories are, in a sense, ‘post-Marxist’. Marxism was so dominant in the twentieth century that no theory escaped its influence.

Our age is characterized by the proliferation of ‘simulacra’: a ‘replacement of reality by signs of reality’.

These texts derived from Situationist circles, issuing from the crossing of a libertarian Marxism and the tradition of the French avant-gardes, Dadaist, Surrealist and Lettrist in particular.

Derrida dismissed the Saussurean hypothesis that language is a stable ‘system of differences’, therewith marking one of the ways in which the transition from structuralism to poststructuralism was made.

The semiology developed by Barthes conceived the social world as a whole as a system of signs, as illustrated by the studies collected in Mythologies