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[...] However, Baumeister notes that “narcissists are no more aggressive than anyone else, as long as no one insults or criticizes them” (p. 101).

Bushman and Baumeister (1998) apply a psychodynamic, motivational theory to discriminate between high self-esteem per se and narcissism, separating e…

Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is an extensive pattern of distorted regard for self and others. Although it is normal and healthy to take a positive attitude toward oneself, narcissistic persons exhibit an inflated view of self as special and superior. Rather than strong self-confidence, h…

People with a HPD view themselves as sociable, friendly, and agreeable, and, in fact, they are often perceived as very charming at the beginning of a relationship. However, as the relationship continues, the charm seems to wear thin and they gradually are seen as overly demanding and in need of con…

Given that other people hold the key to survival in the world, histrionic patients tend to also hold the basic belief that it is necessary to be loved by everyone for everything one does. This leads to a very strong fear of rejection. Even entertaining the notion that rejection is possible is extre…

Thus, antisocial patients’ automatic thoughts and reactions are frequently distorted by self-serving beliefs that emphasize immediate, personal satisfactions and minimize future consequences. The underlying belief that they are always right makes it unlikely that they will question their actions. P…