synecdoche (en)

a figure of speech by which a part is put for the whole (as fifty sail for fifty ships), the whole for a part (as society for high society), the species for the genus (as cutthroat for assassin), the genus for the species (as a creature for a man), or the name of the material for the thing made (as boards for stage)

—p.viii Preface: David Foster Wallace and "The Long Thing" (vi) missing author 7 years, 8 months ago