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the payments are amortized over forty years, to keep them low, but are scheduled on a thirty-year payback, meaning the homeowner had to have 120 months of cash at the end of the mortgage to cover the remaining debt (a so-called "balloon" payment)

This so-called "naked" shorting is risky

The implosion of the subprime mortgage market in the US is frequently called a "Minsky moment."

the wide belief among neoclassical economists and neoliberal policy-makers that democracy has an inherent "inflationary bias"

Regulation Q capped interest rates on domestic demand deposits (basically savings and checking accounts [...]). This was designed to (a) discourage local banks from depositing their money with big banks, and instead to lend local locally, and (b) limit competition among banks, thereby ensuring the stability and survival of those same local banks.