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did October lead inexorably to Stalin? It is an old question, but one still very much alive. Is the gulag the telos of 1917?

Party activists are hounded in great numbers, forced to betray others, to confess to preposterous crimes with stentorian declarations

The shift is born of despair, as any prospects for international revolution recede. But if it is utopian to hope that international support is around the corner, how much more so is it to wager on the impossible – autarchic socialism?

Lenin has fought a lonely battle insisting that the invidious demands be accepted

A political via negativa, an apophatic revolutionism