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Correa's success was rooted in his administration’s model of commodity-dependent left populism. The model goes by different names. Officially, it is “socialism of the 21st century” or “post-neoliberalism.” Indigenous and environmental activists call it extractivism. Correa’s political opponents, ri…

The idea that surveillance itself has a potentially radicalizing effect is distasteful to politicians, but it is not at all new. It is a version of what criminologists call "labeling theory," the idea that rather than reforming criminals, the stigma of the penal system can encourage further deviant…