the internecine and corrupt entanglements of major investment banks, hedge funds and shadowy para-financial firms,

Financialization both foments and relies upon discursive and material formations such as precariousness, security, play, creativity and resistance.

financiers internalize a culture of risk management and are guided by an imagined relation to a highly circumscribed future.

The gap between the two is a productive lacuna in Marx’s work which allows us to pinpoint a key element of capitalist crisis

The reason why the idea of fictitious capital is useful is because it draws our attention to the way that finance foments and depends on the production of social fictions.

So, we can understand financialization as a terrain of struggle and friction between different spheres and cycles of reproduction: the reproduction of capital writ large

we can understand “fictitious capital” writ large as the way capital spins a crucial social fiction about the nature of the world.

securitization is not merely the lingua franca of contemporary finance; it is also the biopolitical imperative of financialization.

biopolitics, which he saw as reaching a new apogee in the emergence of a neoliberalism that increasingly subordinated social institutions to market imperatives in the name of freedom, democracy and individual rights

this semi-ludic approach to risk management has dramatic and grave consequences