anodyne (en)

(noun) a painkilling drug or medicine

bourgeoisie (en)

the middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes

dialectic (en)

a discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the truth through reasoned arguments

doxa (grk)

a Greek word meaning common belief or popular opinion (the root of words like orthodox and heterodox)

Edmund Husserl (en)

a German philosopher (1859-1938) who established the school of phenomenology

encomium (en)

a speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly (plural: encomia). as the adjective encomiastic, means bestowing praise, eulogistic, laudatory

flatus vocis (la)

(from Medieval Latin: breath of the voice) a term used by French philosopher Roscellinus (1050-1125), founder of nominalism; means a mere name, word, or sound without a corresponding objective reality

Hegelian (en)

(adjective) of, relating to, or characteristic of Hegel, his philosophy, or his dialectic method / (noun) a follower of Hegel; an adherent of Hegelianism

hegemony (en)

(noun) preponderant influence or authority over others; domination / (noun) the social, cultural, ideological, or economic influence exerted by a dominant group

Henri Bergson (en)

a French philosopher (1859-1941), influential especially in the first half of the 20th century and after WWII in continental philosophy; known for his influential arguments that processes of immediate experience and intuition are more significant than abstract rationalism and science for understanding reality

hypostatisation (en)

regarding something abstract as a material thing (fallaciously); an effect of reification

juridical (en)

relating to judicial proceedings and the administration of the law

lapidary (en)

relating to stone and gems and the work involved in engraving, cutting, or polishing

Marxian (en)

pertaining to Karl Marx and ideas he explicitly explored in his writings; differs from Marxist in that the latter includes ideas developed by others in the same vein of thought

oneiric (en)

(adjective) of or relating to dreams; dreamy

ontic (en)

(adj) relating to entities and the facts about them; relating to real as opposed to phenomenal existence (philosophy)

ontology (en)

(noun) a branch of metaphysics concerned with the nature and relations of being / (noun) a particular theory about the nature of being or the kinds of things that have existence

Paris Commune (en)

a radical socialist and revolutionary government that ruled Paris from 18 March to 28 May 1871. Following the defeat of Emperor Napoleon III in September 1870, the French Second Empire collapsed, and the French Third Republic rose up in its place (initially intended as a provisional government but it ended up lasting until 1940) to continue the war with Prussia, which resulted in a 4-month-long siege of Paris (ending Jan 28), which laid the groundwork for the Commune

peripety (en)

(noun) a reversal of circumstances, or turning point; Anglicised form of the Greek "peripeteia"

periphrasis (en)

(noun) use of a longer phrasing in place of a possible shorter form of expression / (noun) an instance of periphrasis

portentous (en)

(adjective) of, relating to, or constituting a portent / (adjective) eliciting amazement or wonder; prodigious / (adjective) being a grave or serious matter / (adjective) self-consciously solemn or important; pompous / (adjective) ponderously excessive

propitiousness (en)

(adjective) favorably disposed; benevolent / (adjective) being a good omen; auspicious / (adjective) tending to favor; advantageous

reifying (en)

make (something abstract) more concrete or real

reifying (en)

make (something abstract) more concrete or real

semiotics (en)

the study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation (adj: semiotic)