In broadcasting studies, the situation has been somewhat different with industry organization taking precedence over textual analysis. notions of internal production constraints, external commercial constraints, and of professionalism form the basis for explaining why cultural products reproduce hegemonic ideology. In other words, it explains why in a broadcasting system lacking direct State censorship or control, themes, ideas, claims, values, visions and notions supportive of the capitalist system are promoted via news and entertainment programming, while others critical of the system are reconstructed and re-interpreted in such a way as to co-opt their critical content. Still others are simply excluded [...]