Some of the raid victims -- members of the Marine Workers Industrial Union, many identified as communists, and many who asked for jury trials -- were held as "$1,000 vags." The vagrancy charge and inordinate bail, used by police for "tough" cases-drug peddlers and addicts, hardened professional criminals, and habitual criminals -- had been invoked frequently during the strike against those the police identified as "radicals and Communists." Bail for vagrancy cases was usually $20. An Industrial Association attorney said the $1,000 bail was intended as a deterrent to requests for jury trials, since, to virtually penniless defendants, the bail meant they would have to await their jury trials in jail. Defendants were held, in lieu of bail, from three to four days to several weeks, as Andersen's attempts to have bail reduced were repeatedly rebuffed, as in Judge Steiger's court.