Innovation alone cannot be blamed for this shift in workplace culture. Before the rise of Internet firms, technology companies were considered stable places to work. Companies like IBM and Kodak Eastman are examples of American companies that were the technology leaders of their time, while offering phenomenal benefits, wages, and job security compared to the rest of the economy. Kodak Eastman offered its employees company housing, in-house health care, productivity planning to minimize layoffs, profit-sharing, and jobless benefits paid out of its own private fund.19 In this arrangement, bigger organizations paid more than smaller companies, in part because they shared more profits, more equitably, among their employees. One economist showed that before the 1980s 70 percent of company profits were shared with workers, which echoes findings from other economists that profits were more evenly distributed between shareholders and employee stakeholders before the 1990s.20