Harvey has drawn attention to a different way of resolving crises of over-accumulation, which he refers to with the concept of ‘spatial fix’. This concept has two senses – one literal, the other metaphorical.

In so far as the periphery contains the overwhelming majority of the world’s population, nationalism became an ineluctable phenomenon in world history

Any individual who is the citizen of a member-state is a European citizen. The problem is that this definition creates an aporia at the ‘aggregate’ level, which leads to the pejoration of the condition of foreigners within the Union

From a more general point of view, the New Left condemns the reigning fetishism of growth and the teleology of ‘modernization’ in China and their disastrous social and ecological effects

One of Wang Hui’s most trenchant analyses is of the Tiananmen Square events

Author of a protean oeuvre, in which reference to theology plays a key role, Agamben is influenced by thinkers such as Heidegger

it leads to advocating ‘autarchic’ solutions, which consist in ‘delinking’ the economies of the periphery from the world market and pursuing ‘auto-centred’ economic development

Arrighi is a ‘world-systems’ theorist, one of the best known after Wallerstein, who is primarily responsible for developing this theory

It is then that the systemic cycle of accumulation enters into its ‘financial’ phase. This phase corresponds to what we above called ‘financialization’ – that is, capital’s tendency as a result of the fall in profit rates to take refuge in the financial sphere and speculation.

China’s economic development suggests the possibility of a Chinese twenty-first century, with a ‘Beijing Consensus’ succeeding the ‘Washington Consensus’.